within last is used to restrict attention to a set of episodes ocurring at most a specified number of minutes, hours, days, weeks, months or years prior to the current episode.
For example, given the following case fragment:
01 Jun 03 20 Jun 03 30 Jun 03 15 Oct 03 02 Nov 03 HDL 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.5 1.9 LDL 6.2* 5.0* 3.5 3.9 Trig 3.0 1.9 LipidDrug N Y Y N
some (LDL within last 6 months) is high
no (LDL within last month) is high Note the singular: ‘month’.
at least 4 (HDL within last year) are available